MORPHOMETRIC MAPPING OF GULLIES IN THE GALO DA SERRA NEIGHBORHOOD, PRESIDENTE FIGUEIREDO – AM

Abstract

The soil degradation is the result of natural factors and inappropriate actions of human activities. A degraded soil suffers nutrients loss and structure, and becomes more susceptible to erosion, acidification, salinization, reduction of organic matter and permeability. Erosion can affect all terrain types, both in rural and urban areas. Over time, surface erosion develops, forming furrows, ravines and gullies, in this last phase. The occurrence of this situation may be linked to unplanned and unsustainable occupation. In this work, the mapping of the erosive feature, of the gully type, located in the Galo da Serra neighborhood, in the urban area of the municipality of Presidente Figueiredo, AM. For this, a historical survey of the occupation of the Galo da Serra neighborhood was carried out; characterization of the erosive feature; and mapping of the gully using a UAV. The study classified the gully as very large, pointing out that the gully is 76.4 meters long, average width of 27.8 meters, equivalent to 2,123.9 m² of area. The average depth of the gully is 23 meters, and a volume of 48,849.7 m³, it is disconnected and presents recurrent mass movements. Among the various aspects observed, regarding the anthropic influence on the emergence and expansion of gullies in the area, the drainage network, deforestation and earthworks can be listed. The use of geotechnologies proved indispensable for the present study.