Application of the PhET Simulation Software as a Didactic Tool in Contemporary Physics Teaching: Exploring Concepts of Optical Tweezers"

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/r8wxp135

Keywords:

Ensino de Física,, Aprendizagem Significativa, , PhET, , Pinçamento Óptico,, Simulações Virtuais

Abstract

This work presents the development and implementation of a Potentially Meaningful Teaching Unit (UEPS) for high school Physics education, focusing on the phenomenon of optical trapping, using the PhET simulator as a methodological tool. The objective was to facilitate the understanding of complex concepts from Geometrical Optics and Modern Physics through Ausubel’s Theory of Meaningful Learning. The teaching sequence was applied in a public school in Bujari, Acre, and consisted of five sessions with second-year high school students. Activities included videos, images, simulations, and low-cost experiments, creating an interactive and contextualized learning environment. Data collected indicated evidence of meaningful learning, especially after using the PhET simulator, which allowed students to visualize and comprehend the phenomenon in a concrete way. Although initial difficulties were observed—mainly due to learning gaps caused by the COVID-19 pandemic—most students showed significant conceptual progress. The results suggest that virtual simulations, when combined with active and contextualized methodologies, can effectively support the didactic transposition of complex scientific content, making it more accessible and meaningful to basic education students.

Author Biographies

  • Carlos Henrique Moreira Lima, Universidade Federal do Acre

    Possuo graduação em Licenciatura Plena pela Universidade Regional do Cariri (2011) e Mestrado em Física pela Universidade Federal de Alagoas (2013), com atuação na área de Espectroscopia Óptica e Óptica Não-linear. Completei meu doutorado e pós-doutorado em física na Universidade Federal de Viçosa, onde concentrei minha pesquisa principalmente em Física Experimental, com ênfase em Física Biológica e Pinças Ópticas. Anteriormente, trabalhei como professor de Física no Ensino Médio em escolas públicas e particulares. Atualmente, ocupo o cargo de professor Adjunto II na Universidade Federal do Acre - UFAC Campus Rio Branco. Sou também membro permanente do Programa Nacional de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Física (MNPEF) polo 59/Ufac, do programa de Mestrado Profissional em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática MPECIM vinculado à Universidade Federal do Acre UFAC, além de ser membro permanente do Mestrado Profissional em Química em Rede Nacional PROFQUI associado à Universidade Federal do Acre.

  • Dr. Marcelo Castanheira da Silva, Universidade Federal do Acre

    ducation: Bachelor's degree in Physics (1991) from the Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Master's degree (2006) and Ph.D. (2013) in Physics from the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU), Specialization in Planning, Implementation, and Management of Distance Education (PIGEAD) (2017) from the Fluminense Federal University (UFF).

    Professional Activity: Physics professor at the Federal University of Acre (UFAC) since 2006.

    Research Activities: Physics education and production of polymer samples using Blow Spinning.

    Permanent faculty member of the National Professional Master's Program in Physics Teaching (MNPEF – Pole 59).
    Collaborating professor of Bionorte – Biodiversity and Biotechnology Network of the Legal Amazon.

  • Dr. Tiago de Jesus Santos, Universidade Federal do Acre

    He holds a Ph.D. in Theoretical Nuclear Physics from the Aeronautics Institute of Technology (ITA), 2017, with an International PhD Internship at the Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon I (UCBL1), Lyon, France, 2015–2016. He holds a Master’s degree in Theoretical Nuclear Physics (ITA), 2013, and a Bachelor's degree in Physics from the State University of Santa Cruz (UESC – BA), 2011.

    His research areas include Theoretical Nuclear Physics, Nuclear Astrophysics, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Physics Education. He coordinates the project Physical Observations in Microgravity Environment, developed by the Brazilian Space Agency (AEB). He is an Assistant Professor (level B-1) of Physics at the Federal University of Acre.

  • MSc. Sabrita Cruz da Silva, Universidade Federal do Acre

    She holds a Bachelor's degree in Physics from the Federal University of Acre (2018) and a Professional Master's degree in Physics Teaching (2023). She is currently a teacher for the State Department of Education and Sports of the State of Acre. From 2018 to 2022, she taught Mathematics and Natural Sciences at the high school level. She currently teaches Mathematics and Science at the lower secondary level (Fundamental Education II).

References

[1] Lima CHM. Prêmio Nobel de Física: o que são pinças ópticas? South Am J Basic Educ Tech Technol. 2020;7(3):85-98.

[2] Klajn I. Estratégias didáticas no ensino de Física. Rev Bras Ens Cienc. 2002;2:145-150.

[3] Piaget J. A psicologia da inteligência. Rio de Janeiro: Zahar; 1967.

[4] Vygotsky LS. Pensamento e linguagem. São Paulo: Martins Fontes; 1934.

[5] Ausubel DP. The psychology of meaningful verbal learning. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1968.

[6] Moreira MA. Teorias de Aprendizagem. 3rd ed. Rio de Janeiro: LTC; 2021.

[7] Wieman CE. Using PhET Simulations to Promote Learning in Physics Education. J Interact Learn. 2008;5:213-218.

[8] Davidovitch N, Parush A, Sood RJ. Simulation-based learning: The importance of conceptual and procedural knowledge in professional education. Int J Educ Res. 2014;62:1-9.

[9] Ashkin A. Nobel Lecture: Optical trapping and manipulation of neutral particles using lasers. Rev Mod Phys. 2018;90:001-045.

Published

01/08/2025

Data Availability Statement

Os dados gerados e analisados durante o desenvolvimento deste estudo estão disponíveis para consulta pública mediante solicitação aos autores, por meio dos e-mails institucionais fornecidos. As simulações utilizadas pertencem à plataforma PhET Interactive Simulations, de acesso livre, e os materiais aplicados em sala de aula (questionários, roteiros didáticos e registros) podem ser compartilhados com fins acadêmicos e científicos, respeitando os critérios éticos de anonimato dos participantes.

Os autores declaram que os dados de pesquisa utilizados neste estudo estão disponíveis mediante solicitação, podendo ser acessados por meio de contato com os autores pelos e-mails institucionais informados no artigo.

How to Cite

Application of the PhET Simulation Software as a Didactic Tool in Contemporary Physics Teaching: Exploring Concepts of Optical Tweezers". Amazonian Journal of Physics Teaching, [S. l.], v. 1, n. 1, p. 1–9, 2025. DOI: 10.5281/r8wxp135. Disponível em: https://periodicos.unir.br/index.php/RAEF/article/view/8773. Acesso em: 10 sep. 2025.

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